BY: NAYIA NAOUM
Yoga in Sanskrit, means “Union”. The Union of the Mind, Body and Spirit, working together in total harmony. It is an ancient practice of physical and spiritual development, which has originated approximately 5000 years ago. Yoga aims to integrate all aspects of the self, body with mind and mind with spirit, reaching the absolute state of joy and balance in one’s life.
Vinyasa Yoga is an extension of Hatha Yoga, the most popular form of Yoga in the West which focuses on postures (asanas), breathing techniques (pranayama) and meditation (dyana). Vinyasa Yoga has its origins in the legendary Yogi Krishnamacharya.
In Sanskrit, the prefix “Vi” means variation and the suffix “nyasa” means within set parameters. According to the Yoga Sutra of Patanjali, these are: Steadiness (Sthira), Comfort (Sukha), and smooth and long breathing (Prayatna Sithila).
“Vinyasa” can be defined as breath-synchronized movement. It therefore represents a form of Yoga that links various poses together in a flow, and simultaneously synchronising each pose with the in-flow and out-flow of the breath. The breath is utilised as a harness in integrating body and mind.
Vinyasa Yoga differs from Hatha Yoga in that the movement-breath synchronisation produces a very dynamic effect in the cardiovascular system, resulting in the formation of internal heat, is faster paced, and challenges physical endurance.
The ultimate aim of Vinyasa Yoga is to cleanse body and mind and in doing so, to enlighten the spirit.
Even though some would argue it is quite challenging, it can be practiced by anyone irrespective of age or flexibility, always using intuition and mindfulness as a guide, moving towards progression gradually.
Practitioners of Vinyasa Yoga undoubtedly enjoy many of its health related benefits, on two levels: the physical level and the spiritual/emotional level.
On the physical level, Vinyasa Yoga provides a great body detoxification. This is attained through the internal heat that is produced during its practice, acting as a purification mechanism by expelling toxins from the muscles and organs through sweat. This internal heat reinforces blood flow to the essential organs, rejuvenating and revitalising them with amounts of oxygen supply. What’s more, the immune system is strengthened, reducing the likelihood of injuries. Muscles are loosened and joints, tendons and ligaments get sufficiently lubricated. This helps the practitioner to go deeper into a stretch and flexibility is increased through repeated practice.
Additionally, Vinyasa Yoga transforms the body since metabolism is accelerated, resulting in weight loss and the shaping and trimming of the body. Vinyasa Yoga could be actually compared to a strength training class that provides excellent muscle toning, but without all the violent movements of strength training found in the gym. The smooth, flow-like performance of the asanas prevents the production of lactic-acid which causes fatigue, as it is the case in other types of exercises. It also increases a person’s stamina and endurance when practiced regularly. In addition, Vinyasa Yoga practice massages all body organs such as the heart and the liver, in a way like no other exercise does, promotes good body posture, body alignment and balance and is an excellent energizer.
It has been proven that it can relieve or even expel chronic back pain or neck pain, can heal various injuries such as a pulled hamstring, can treat osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, improve diabetes, thyroid problems and bone density, ease menopause symptoms and act as a headache reliever. In relation to this, Vinyasa yoga can prevent re-injury and speeds the time of injury recovery.
Morever, the controlled yogic breathing adopted during Vinyasa Yoga practice can have a therapeutic effect since body cells charged with prana or life force can heal. More specifically, it can help individuals suffering from asthma or bronchitis, sinus issues, nervous tension, neurosis, insomnia, headaches, indigestion, abnormal weight, constipation and compulsive smoking.
Certain asanas have been known for their therapeutic powers as well, even though they should not be used as a substitute of medical treatment. For example it is said that asthma can be healed with Bow, Locust, Savasana, Mountain, Fish and Shoulderstand; Backache with Bow, Cobra, Fish, Headstand, Soulderstand, Supine poses, Thunderbolt, Wheel; Diabetes with Cobra, Savasana, Peacock Plough, Shoulderstand, Spinal Twist and Yoga posture; Menopause Disorders with Abdominal Uplift, Cat, Cobra, Savasana, Fish, Plough, Shoulderstand; Thyroid Disorders with Bride, Fish and Shoulderstand and the list goes on.
Also some Yoga postures strengthen the different secretion glands and the endocrine system at large. This is of great significance since full growth and function of the different parts of the body can only be achieved if there is a balanced activity in the secretion glands, otherwise pathological conditions are created.
Some of the main asanas used during a common Vinyasa Yoga practice and their specific beneficial effect on health are as follows: starting from Mountain Pose (Tadasana) with its various modifications, steadiness and balance is instilled to the practitioner and a sense of mental tranquillity is produced.
The Forward Bend (Uttanasana) stretches the posterior part of the body, improving the circulation in the rear muscles involved.
The Upward Facing Dog (Urdhwa Mukha Swanasana) strengthens the shoulders and arms and provides a good stretch to the anterior part of the body making the spine more flexible, whereas the Downward Facing Dog (Adho Mukha Swanasana) gives the body a full posterior stretch and it sets the base for many other Vinyasa Yoga poses.
One Leg Yogasanas such as the Tree Pose (Vrikmasana) and Warrior Pose (Virabhadrasana) help to acquire a tremendous sense of balance since for efficient performance close attention and concentration are required, the same kind needed for meditation.
Supine Poses stretch the muscles, ligaments and nerves while trimming and strengthening the thighs, hips and abdomen. They also increase hip and spinal flexibility improve circulation and respiration, digestion and concentration.
The Bow Sequence (Dhanurasana) increases strength and flexibility along the entire length of the spine, stretches the neck, shoulders, arms and legs, massages the digestive organs, improves digestion, helps regulate the pancreas and is recommended for people with diabetes.
The Triangle sequences (Trikonasana), strengthen the legs considerably, stretch the groins, hamstrings, hips and open the chest and shoulders.
Finally, inverted poses are giving a boost and provide a toning effect to internal organs and muscles since their “antigravity” nature reverses the natural downward pulling of the muscles and internal organs which becomes even more profound with aging, and also stimulate the glandular/hormonal system, bringing vitality and balance.
Vinyasa Yoga also offers enormous benefits of an emotional / spiritual nature, acting as an agent of growth and transformation.
Firstly, the combined effect of staying in a pose along with pranayama and meditation, bring about a heightened state of relaxation and calmness, which in the long term aid in the development of a much calmer personality. The mind becomes an integral part of the whole process since it follows the smooth and deliberate ujjayi breathing, achieving “Samadhara” – a state of inner piece and joy. This help to reduce or even abolish stress and anxiety, the number one causes of various diseases in today’s hectic lifestyle.
It is very common today for people to have an “over stimulated” sympathetic nervous system or an overactive “fight or flight” response when stressed out, leading to the shortening of the breath, a raised blood pressure and the release of stress hormones like norepinephrine, with disastrous consequences on health. Yoga reverses the negative effects of an overexcited nervous system by reducing the breath rate and lowering blood pressure. By focusing on the breath the nervous system slows down. Our normal breathing rate is about fifteen breaths per minute, whereas the breathing rate in Vinyasa Yoga practice is reduced considerably. Beginners usually maintain a rate of six breaths per minute while experts can reach a rate of just two breaths per minute demonstrating extreme relaxation, even during a very complicated pose. As a result, depression tendencies can be cured and mood is moderated and the individual is able to take the wheel of his own life, gaining control and confidence.
A vast amount of energy is wasted by the excitation of lower emotions such as anger, keeping the body in constant readiness for work that is not necessarily useful. Thus, it is of vital importance to economise the energy produced by the body by learning how to relax. In Yoga, relaxation is threefold: physical – relaxing the muscles and internal organs, mental – quieting one’s intellect, and spiritual which represents the ultimate type of relaxation where one is able to withdraw from the body and mind and disconnect from the ego.
Children and teenagers can also benefit tremendously, by gaining a constructive perspective on how to approach difficult situations that may come their way, acquiring inner strength, a kind of “emotional intelligence”, from an early age. Through yoga, they become better able to focus and concentrate, are able to beat hypertension and their confidence and creativity are enhanced.
Throughout a yoga workout one takes the time to focus inwardly, taking time for himself /herself and away from the outside world, something of great value in today’s busy lifestyle. This helps a clustered mind gain mental clarity and perspective, improving concentration and memory. Yogic meditation strengthens the mind and tasks and activities are more effectively managed and executed. The intellect is purified through stillness and concentration of mind.
As opposed to a gym class, yoga is a non-competitive activity, but it rather promotes “oneness” and the uniqueness of individuality. No one looks the same in a pose and that’s the beauty of Yoga. No one is better or worse than the other, but each is moving into a pose according to his / her abilities at that given moment. It is an inward process not an outward process, therefore the focus is on the “I”, not on what another one looks like in the pose. One should never force or strain or push too hard. Rather, the Vinyasa Yoga practitioner should be aware of his or her physical limitations or possible disabilities.
Furthermore, Vinyasa and also other kinds of Yoga help us become more compassionate about our surroundings and fellow human beings. Control over our thoughts helps us to suppress materialism and the urge to achieve more material things, but make us want to achieve more “food” for the soul. Finally, through Vinyasa and other forms of Yoga we achieve self-realization and come to see how we are an integral part of the Universe. It helps us understand we are One with others, the environment and nature. This makes us feel at peace with ourselves, bringing harmony and emotional stability in our lives. Through Yoga, one is able to uncover one’s “Atman” or True Self, and this self-realization brings freedom and liberation.
Most would agree that the supreme benefit of Yoga of any type, is “the union of the individual spirit with the universal spirit, the finding of one’s essential nature beyond empirical ego, which has to be dissolved and the seeing and experiencing of the grounds of one’s being” – (James Hewitt, 1997).
Yoga should be practiced regularly and be carried outside the yoga studio and off the mat, since it is a life changing philosophy and not a matter of an hour’s practice in the class. Even though it requires determination and self-discipline, the benefits it brings to a person’s physical and mental health, result in a much superior quality of life, bringing joy, contentment and balance in one’s life.
References
Hewitt, James. The Complete Yoga Book. New York, Schocken Books,1977.
Ramaswami, Srivatsa. The Complete Book of Vinyasa Yoga, Da Capo Press, 2005
Swami, Vishnu-devananda. The Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga. New York, Three Rivers Press, 1988.
Jerard, Paul. The Truth About Vinyasa Yoga. 7 Sept. 2005. Available from: http://ezinearticles.com
Weisbrot, Amy. The Health Benefits of Yoga. 12 July 2010. Available from: www.yoga-teacher-trainining.org
Benefits of Vinyasa Yoga / Vinyasa Flow Yoga. Available from: http://yoga-health-benefits.blogspot.com
Benefits of Yoga. Available from: http://www.targetwoman.com